Heat olive oil in a skillet over medium heat.
Add onion, peppers, mushrooms, and garlic. Cook for about 6–8 minutes until softened.
Stir in spinach, Italian seasoning, salt, and pepper. Cook for another minute until the spinach wilts.
Remove the vegetables from the heat and let them cool completely.
On a lightly floured surface, roll the pizza dough into a large rectangle about 10 × 14 inches.
Spread the cooled vegetable mixture evenly over the dough, leaving a 1-inch border around the edges.
Sprinkle mozzarella and Parmesan cheese evenly over the vegetables.
Roll the dough tightly from the long side into a log and pinch the seams closed.
Place seam-side down on a parchment-lined baking sheet.
Cover loosely and let the stromboli rest for 30 minutes.
Preheat the oven to 400°F (200°C).
Brush the top with beaten egg and sprinkle with sesame seeds or Italian seasoning if desired.
Cut several small slits on top to allow steam to escape.
Bake for 25–30 minutes until deep golden brown.
Let the stromboli cool for 5–10 minutes before slicing and serving.