Bring a large pot of generously salted water to a boil.
Cook the pasta until al dente according to the package directions.
Reserve ¼ cup of the pasta water, then drain the pasta.
While the pasta cooks, add the artichoke hearts, basil, Parmesan cheese, pine nuts, garlic, olive oil, lemon juice, lemon zest, salt, and black pepper to a food processor.
Blend until mostly smooth, scraping down the sides as needed.
Let the pesto rest for 5 minutes to allow the flavors to meld.
Transfer the hot pasta to a large mixing bowl.
Add the artichoke pesto and toss until evenly coated.
Stir in the reserved pasta water a little at a time until the sauce reaches a silky consistency.
Garnish with extra Parmesan cheese and fresh basil.
Serve immediately.